Internal-combustion engine.



K. EVERS. INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 29, 1916. Y

Patented June 13, 1916.

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Inventor Hurt Evers, @5MM Hls fttorney.

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ject of the King ofV Prussia,

KURT EVERS, 0E CHARLOTTENBURG,

GERMANY, ASSIGNOR TO GENERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY, A CORPORATION 0F NEW YORK.

INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

Specication of Letters Patent.

Patented June 13, 1916.

Application led April 29, 1916. Serial No. 94,493.

To all whom it may concer/n:

` `Be it known that I, KURT EvERs, y residing at Charlottenburg, Germany, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Internal-Combustion Engines, of which the following is a specification.

The resent invention relates to two-cycle interna -combustion engines, especially those of the high compression type in which theA roduets of combustion are swept out of the cylinder by a blast lof scavenging air, the

ure air remaining in the cylinder being subsequently compressed by the instroke of the piston to such high pressure that its heat gnites a charge of fuel injected in the cyli'nder. It is customary to start'such engines by .means of compressed air changing over to operation on fuel as soon as the inal temperature 'of the air pressed in the cylinder on the compression stroke is This final temperature depends, among other things, upon the initial temperature and pressure' of the scavenging air at presser stroke. The higher this initial temperature and pressure the' higher, of course, is the final temperature and pressure. The' scavenging air in such engines is supplied'to the cylinders from a suitable recelver to which air is supplied b an air pump, which may be operated rom the crank shaft of the engine.;

In starting engines 'of thistype, the receiver pressure is much lower than the pressure of the starting air after it has performed its work in the cylinder and, as a the starting.- air will escape from the cylinder through the scavenging ports into.the receiver. Here it expands due to the lower pressure existing inthe receiver, and as a consequence is materially cooled. This means that the scavenging air will thus become cooler. Consequently when the scavenging air enters-the cylinder at this lower temperature it may not reach a suliiciently high temperature lupon the compression stroke to cause the ignition of the fuel which is introduced. This tends to retard the starting of the engine.

The object of the present invention is to provide an improved arrangement which will prevent the starting air during the starting period from expanding into the receiver. To this end I provide in connection a subp sufficiently the beginning of the com-l -that a suitable fuel with the scavenging ports, a suitable valve mechanism for cuttlng olf communicationA between the receiver andv the scavenging ports. This valve mechanism is closed during thestarting period. At the en d of the starting period it is opened, either manually or automatically.

My invention is applicable to either single cylinder or multi-cylinder engines. With a single cylinder engine a suitable valve mechanism for the purpose stated will, of course, be applied to such cylinder. In the case of multi-cylinder engines it is customary to provide only a part of the cylinders with air starting means, and in connection with such engines the valve mechanism will, therefore, be aplied only to the cylinders which are so equipped. Of course should all the cylinders of a multi-cylinder engine be provided with air starting means, then I would also preferably provide each with a valve mechanism.

In the accompanying drawing, Figure 1 is a diagrammatic sectional view of a twocycle high compressionmulti-cylinder engine embodying my invention, and Fig. 2 is a detail view of a valve mechanism.

Referring to the drawing,l 3' and 4 indicate the cylinders of a multi-cylinder engine. In the present instance two cylinders are shown, but it willbe understood that more than this number may bepsed. Each cylinder contains oppositely movingpistons 5 and 6 which act'on the-same crank shaft, the upper piston controlling the'exhaust ports 7 and the lower pistons `the scavenging or air charging ports 8, to which air is admitted` from the receiver 9 which surrounds the cylinders. The scavenging pump 10 delivers air -into the receiver 9'through the valves 11. The exhaust ports'are connected with a common header or manifold 12 through suitable branch pipes'. Thecrank shaft of the engine' is not shown in the draw ing, but it will'be understood that the connecting rods 13 for the lower piston 6 and the side rods 14 of the upper pistons 5'are suitably connected thereto, as is also the connecting rod 15 of the air compressor 10. 16 indicates an opening in the cylinder Wall of each cylinder throng vwhich fuel is injected into the cylinders. It will be understood injector is connected with these openings as is customary. In the present instance. only the cylinder 3 is shown as being equipped with an air starting valve, such a valve beingdiagrammatically illustrate d at 17. To shut ott' the receiver 9 from the scavenging ports of this cylinder during the starting operation I have shown the receiver 9 which.surrounds the cylinder 3 as being provided with a partition plate 18 having spaced ports 19 therein. Located on this partition plate is an annular ring valve 20 having ports 21 which may be moved into and out of registering position -with the ports 19. The ring valve is provided with a series of gear teeth 22 upon one side with which meshes a small pinion 23, which lpinion is operated by the rod 24 and hand Wheel 25. The ring valve may be held in place and guided in its movement by means l of lugs 26 which project over the top of it.

During the starting operation, the hand Wheel 25 will be turned to bring the ring valve into a position Where it closes the ports 19. The starting air is thus prevented during the starting period lfrom expanding into the receiver 9. The engine will be started in the usual manner, and after it attains sufficient momentum to compress the air so as to fire a charge, or in the case of a multicylinder engine after some of the cylinders begin to fire, the hand wheel 25 will be operated to move the ring valveto open the ports 19 and thus connect the receiver 9 With the scavenging ports `8 of the cylinder or cylinders as the case may be. I

It will, of course, be understood that the drawing is only illustrative of my-invention and that various valve arrangements may be 'used to suit any particular design of engine.

In accordance with the provisions of the patent statutes, I have described the principle of operation 'of my invention, together with the apparatus which I now .consider to represent the best embodiment thereof; but I desire to haveit understood that the apparatus shown is only illustrative, and that the invention can be carried out by othermeans.

What I claim as new and desire'to secure by'Letters Patent of the United States, is,-

1. The combination with an internal-combustion engine, of a receiver connected therewith for supplying scavenging air to the engine, means for admitting compressed air to the engine for starting it, and means for shutting oft` the scavenging ports from the receiver during the starting period to prevent vthe starting air from expanding into the receiver.

2. The combination With an internal-combustion engine, of a receiver connected' to it for supplying scavenging air thereto, means for admitting compressed air to the engine for starting it, and valve mechanism for shutting off the scavenging ports from the receiver during the starting period to pre'- vent the starting air from expanding intov the receiver. l

v3. The combination with a multi-cylinder internal-combustion engine, of a receiver for supplying scavenging air thereto, means for admitting compressed air to a part of the cylinders for starting the engine, and means for shutting off the scavenging ports of such cylinders from the receiver during the starting period.

4. The combination with a multi-cylinder internal-combustion engine, of a receiver for supplying scavenging air thereto, means for admitting compressed air to a part of the cylinders for starting the engine, and valve mechanism for shutting off the scavenging ports of such cylinders from the receiver during the starting period.

5. In an internal-combustion engine, the combination of a plurality of cylinders having exhaust and scavenging ports, a receiver connecting Withthe scavenging ports, fuel admission means, valve means for supplying starting air to some of said cylinders, and

means for cutting off communication between the receiver and the scavenging ports of the cylinders having said valve means.

In wit-ness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand this 17 day of March, 1916.

. KURT EVERS. lVitnesses z.

FRANZ BERRO, IVILHELM Kennen.

copies o! this patent may be obtained for tive cents each, by edil-seeing 'che "Commissioner of Patents Washington, D. GQ 

